Sushikiri Festival: A Traditional Ritual Celebrating Funazushi, the Origin of Sushi
[Just 25 Minutes from Kyoto Station]
Funazushi, a type of “nare-zushi” (fermented sushi), is believed to be the original form of sushi. This ancient culinary tradition has been preserved in Shiga Prefecture, home to Lake Biwa, Japan’s largest freshwater lake. Among the unique festivals celebrating this dish, the Sushikiri Festival in Moriyama City stands out as one of the region’s most fascinating events. Held annually on May 5th at Shimoarakawa Shrine, this ritual blends food, history, and culture into a singular experience.
Historical Origins of the Sushikiri Festival
The origins of the Sushikiri Festival date back centuries, rooted in the local reverence for Toyokirihiko-no-Mikoto, the shrine’s deity. According to tradition, villagers once offered funazushi to the deity, who was so delighted that the ritual became an annual event. Today, this festival continues to honor the connection between the community, its natural resources, and its spiritual traditions.
The Sushikiri Ritual
At the heart of the festival is the “sushikiri” ritual, a formal ceremony where two young men dressed in traditional kamishimo attire slice funazushi with long chopsticks and knives, avoiding direct contact with their hands. This careful handling underscores the reverence for the fish and the importance of the ritual.
The fish used in this ritual are salted female crucian carp (funa) caught from Lake Biwa. As the slicing begins, the crowd watches intently, as it is believed that any mishap, such as spilling fish roe or twisting the flesh, could signal misfortune for the village. This solemn ceremony embodies both skill and spiritual significance.
Eve of the Festival: The “Yome-san Dase” Ceremony
On the evening before the main event, another unique ritual unfolds. Bare-chested young men carrying drums visit the homes of newlyweds from the past year, chanting “Yome-san dase” (“Bring out the bride”) three times. On the third call, the bride emerges to offer sake, symbolizing her formal welcome into the community. The group then returns to the shrine, completing this festive and symbolic ceremony.
Plan Your Visit
The Sushikiri Festival takes place at Shimoarakawa Shrine in Moriyama City. For those traveling from Kyoto Station, Moriyama Station is approximately a 25-minute train ride away, followed by a short taxi ride to the shrine. Attending this festival offers a rare glimpse into Japan’s cultural heritage and its deep ties to culinary traditions.
The Sushikiri Festival is more than just a celebration of food. It’s a living tradition that connects the community to its historical roots and spiritual practices. By attending, visitors can witness the intricate interplay of ritual, cuisine, and culture that makes Shiga Prefecture’s festivals so unique and unforgettable.
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